Normal Parameters of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function
  • Left ventricle (Size)

    Male
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LVIDd (cm)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole

    		 4,2 - 5,8 5,9 - 6,3 6,4 - 6,8 >6,8
    LVIDd (cm/m2)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole

    		 2,2 - 3,0 3,1 - 3,3 3,4 - 3,6 >3,6
    LVIDs (cm)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole

    		 2,5 - 4,0 4,1 -  4,3 4,4 - 4,5 >4,5
    LVIDs (cm/m2)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole

    		 1,3 - 2,1 2,2 - 2,3 2,4 - 2,5 >2,5
    IVSd (cm)

    Interventricular septum thickness at end-diastole

    		 0,6 - 1,0 1,1 - 1,3 1,4 - 1,6 >1,6
    PWd (cm)

    Left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole

    		 0,6 - 1,0 1,1 - 1,3 1,4 - 1,6 >1,6
    RWT

    Relative wall thickness

    		 0,24 - 0,42 0,43 - 0,46 0,47 - 0,51 >0,52
    Female
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LVIDd (cm)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole

    		 3,8 - 5,2 5,3 - 5,6 5,7 - 6,1 >6,1
    LVIDd (cm/m2)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole

    		 2,3 - 3,1 3,2 - 3,4 3,5 - 3,7 >3,7
    LVIDs (cm)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole

    		 2,2 - 3,5 3,6 - 3,8 3,9 - 4,1 >4,1
    LVIDs (cm/m2)

    Left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole

    		 1,3 - 2,1 2,2 - 2,3 2,4 - 2,6 >2,6
    IVSd (cm)

    Interventricular septum thickness at end-diastole

    		 0,6 - 0,9 1,0 - 1,2 1,3 - 1,5 >1,5
    PWd (cm)

    Left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole

    		 0,6 - 0,9 1,0 - 1,2 1,3 - 1,5 >1,5
    RWT

    Relative wall thickness

    		 0,22 - 0,42 0,43 - 0,47 0,48 - 0,52 >0,53
    Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the ASE and EACVI (2015)

  • Male
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LV mass (g)

    Left ventricular mass

    		 88 - 224 225 - 258 259 - 292 >292
    LV mass (g/m2)

    Left ventricular mass

    		 49 - 115 116 - 131 132 - 148 >148
    Female
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LV mass (g)

    Left ventricular mass

    		 67 - 162 163 - 186 187 - 210 >210
    LV mass (g/m2)

    Left ventricular mass

    		 43 - 95 96 - 108 109 - 121 >121
    Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the ASE and EACVI (2015)

  • Male
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LVEDV (ml)

    Left ventricular end-diastole volume (Biplane)

    		 62 - 150 151 - 174 175 - 200 >200
    LVEDV (ml/m2)

    Left ventricular end-diastole volume (Biplane)

    		 34 - 74 75 - 89 90 - 100 >100
    LVESV (ml)

    Left ventricular end-systole volume (Biplane)

    		 21 - 61 62 - 73 74 - 85 >85
    LVESV (ml/m2)

    Left ventricular end-systole volume (Biplane)

    		 11 - 31 32 - 38 39 - 45 >45
    Female
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LVEDV (ml)

    Left ventricular end-diastole volume (Biplane)

    		 46 - 106 107 - 120 121 - 130 >130
    LVEDV (ml/m2)

    Left ventricular end-diastole volume (Biplane)

    		 29 - 61 62 - 70 71 - 80 >80
    LVESV (ml)

    Left ventricular end-systole volume (Biplane)

    		 14 - 42 43 - 55 56 - 67 >67
    LVESV (ml/m2)

    Left ventricular end-systole volume (Biplane)

    		 8 - 24 25 - 32 33 - 40 >40
    Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the ASE and EACVI (2015)

  • Male
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LV EF (%)

    Left ventricular ejection fraction (Biplane)

    		 52 - 72 41 - 51 30 - 40 <30
    Female
    Normal
    Mildly
    Moderately
    Severely
    LV EF (%)

    Left ventricular ejection fraction (Biplane)

    		 54 - 74 41 - 53 30 - 40 <30
    Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the ASE and EACVI (2015)

    HUDSON, Sarah; PETTIT, Stephen. What is ‘normal’ left ventricular ejection fraction?. Heart, 2020.

  • LV mass(g/m2)

    Left ventricular mass
    RWT

    Relative wall thickness
    Normal left ventricle <115 (Male)<95 (Female) <0,42
    Concentric hypertrophy >115 (Male)>95 (Female) >0,42
    Eccentric hypertrophy >115 (Male)>95 (Female) <0,42
    Concentric remodeling <115 (Male)<95 (Female) >0,42
    Description of LV geometry, using at the minimum the four categories of normal geometry, concentric remodelling, and concentric and eccentric hypertrophy, should be a standard component of the echocardiography report.
    Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the ASE and EACVI (2015)

    LVEDV(ml/m2)

    Left ventricular end-diastole volume (Biplane)

    		 LV mass(g/m2)

    Left ventricular mass

    		 RWT

    Relative wall thickness
    Normal left ventricle <75 <115 (Male)<95 (Female) 0,32-0,42
    Physiological hypertrophy >75 >115 (Male)>95 (Female) 0,32-0,42
    Concentric remodeling <75 <115 (Male)<95 (Female) >0,42
    Eccentric remodelling >75 <115 (Male)<95 (Female) <0,32
    Concentric hypertrophy <75 >115 (Male)>95 (Female) >0,42
    Mixed hypertrophy >75 >115 (Male)>95 (Female) >0,42
    Dilated hypertrophy >75 >115 (Male)>95 (Female) 0,32-0,42
    Eccentric hypertrophy >75 >115 (Male)>95 (Female) <0,32
    Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the ASE and EACVI (2015) - The red horizontal line separates LV hypertrophy from normal LV mass.
    - The black vertical line separates dilated from nondilated ventricles.
    - The two oblique blue lines delimit the upper (0.42) and lower (0.32) limit of normal RWT.
    - This leads to eight categories of ventricles.
    - The green ellipse indicates the area of normal ventricles including physiological LV enlargement.