QRS-T Angle Index Calculator
- QRS-T Angle Index: Explanation and Clinical Context
The QRS-T angle represents the spatial difference between the depolarization (QRS) and repolarization (T wave) vectors of the heart on a 12-lead ECG.
A wider QRS-T angle is associated with abnormal ventricular repolarization and is a strong predictor of adverse cardiovascular events, including sudden cardiac death and all-cause mortality.
Normal values are usually <45°, intermediate risk is 45–90°, and high risk is >90°.
The QRS-T angle adds incremental prognostic value over traditional risk factors and can be calculated using frontal plane axes from a standard 12-lead ECG.
Reference:
Kardys I, et al. "QRS-T angle as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality." Heart. 2003;89:231-234. doi:10.1136/heart.89.3.231
Kohsaka S, et al. "Prognostic significance of QRS-T angle on ECG." Am J Cardiol. 2006;97:1441–1445. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.12.037
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