SAAG Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient Calculator
- Serum Albumin
- Ascitic Albumin
- Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient SAAG Explanation and Clinical Context
SAAG represents the difference between serum albumin concentration and ascitic albumin concentration. It is a validated method to classify the underlying mechanism of ascites formation and to guide diagnostic reasoning. A value of one point one g per dL or more indicates portal hypertension related etiologies because the hydrostatic pressure gradient drives fluid transudation into the peritoneal space.
Low SAAG indicates ascites caused by conditions unrelated to portal hypertension. This group includes malignancy peritoneal tuberculosis pancreatic disease and nephrotic syndrome. The distinction helps clinicians determine appropriate investigations and management pathways.
Normal reference uses a threshold of one point one g per dL. Values above this level support portal hypertension while values below this level indicate non portal hypertension mechanisms. SAAG is more reliable than total protein based classification of ascites.
Reference:
Runyon B A. AASLD Practice Guideline Management of Adult Patients With Ascites. Hepatology. 2013.
Runyon B A et al. The serum ascites albumin gradient is superior to the exudate transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites. Ann Intern Med. 1992.
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